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Homo Sapiens
our own species which dates back roughly 200,000 years
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Culture
Way of life inveted by a group and passed on by teaching
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Paleolithic
Greek for "old stone" the ealiest period in cultural development that began with the first use of stone tools about a million years ago and continued until about 10,000 BCE
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Neolithic age
"New Stone" age, dating back 10,000 years to when people living in some parts of the middle east made advances in the production of stone tools and shifted from hunting and gathering to agriculture
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Civilization
Stage in the evolution of organized society that has among its characteristics urbanism, long distance trade, writing systems, and accelerated technological and social development
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Bronze Age
3100-1200 BCE Begand with the increasing importance of metal that also ended the Stone Ages
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Cuneiform
Developed by the sumerians as the very first writing system ever used, it used several thousand characters some of which stood for words and some for sounds
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Upper Egypt
Narrow valley extending 650miles from aswan to the border of lower egypt
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Lowere Egypt
The Niles 100- mile deep, triangularly shaped delta
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pharaoh
The god king of ancient egypt
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nomes
egyptian districs ruled by regional governors who were called nomarchs
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hieroglyphics
"sacred carvings" greek name for egyptian writing. The writing was often used to engrave holy texts on monuments
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Ahura Mazda
the chief deity of zoroastrianism. the native religion of Persia. Ahura Mazda is the creator of the world, the source of light and the emodiment of good
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Aramaic
Semitic language spoken widely throughout the Middle East in antiquity
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Phoenicians
Seafaring people (Canaanites and Syrians) who scatered trading colonies from one end of the Mediterrranean to the other
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Ten lost tribes
Israelites who were scattered and lost to history when the northern kingdom of israel fell to the assyrians in 722 BCE
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Monotheism
Having faith in a single god
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