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bio test 1
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Carbohydrates?
polymers made of monomers called monosaccharides ("one sugar").
Small polymers?
Oligosaccharides "few sugar"
Large polymers?
Polysaccharides "many sugars"
two most common monosaccharides?
Glucose and Fructose.
Polysaccharides are formed when monosaccharides are linked together via.
Glycosidic linkage
the simplest polysaccharides consist of two sugars and are called?
Disaccharides
a Hydroxyl group of a sugar is?
OH
Most common disaccharide?
Sucrose.
Made from two monomers (1 glucose and 1 fructose)
Major Polysaccharides?
starch
glycogen
cellulose
chitin
peptidoglycan
starch?
found only in plants
used for stored energy
consist entirely of a-glucose monomers
Glycogen?
found only in animals
used for stored energy (in liver and muscles)
consists entirely of a-glucose monomers
Cellulose?
found only in plants.
major component of the cell wall.
consist entirely of beta-glucose monomers linked in parallel strands.
Chitin?
found in the cell walls of fungi and the external skeleton of insects.
consist entirely of N-acetylglucosamine (Nac) monomers in parallel strands
Peptidoglycan
found only in bacteria
major component in the cell wall
consists of two different monosaccharides
what do carbohydrates do?
Building blocks
provide structure
provide cell identity
store chemical energy
carbohydrate Building blocks?
they are the building blocks for other molecules like DNA and RNA.
corbohydrates providing structure?
give strength and elasticity
like cellulose in plant cell walls
like chitin in a insects exoskeleton
like peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls
carbohydrates provide cell identity?
Glycoproteins (a protein + a oligosaccharide) project outward from the cell to produce cell to cell recognition and signaling.
Carbohydrates store and provide chemical energy?
the energy of photosynthesis is stored in the form of potential energy of the position of the shared electrons.
Author
nkoppie05
ID
101446
Card Set
bio test 1
Description
Test 1
Updated
2011-09-13T15:27:23Z
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