exam

Maximum solar radiation occurs in summer solstice. Maximum temperatures occur 1-2 months later. Lowest solar radiation occurs during winter solstice. Lowest temperatures ahppen 1-2 months later.

Latitude at 66 1/2 degrees N; the southern limit of the zone in the Sourthern Hemisphere that experiences a 24-hour period of sunlight and a 24-hour period of darkness at least once a year.

23 1/2 to 66 1/2 degrees North and South; Cool to cold summer; -60, -70, -80 degrees; 24 hours of daylight during summer and 24 hours of darkness during winter

position of Earth's orbit at farthest distance from the sun during each Earth revolution; July 4.

latitude at 66 1/2 degrees North; the southern limit of the zone in the Northern Hemisphere that experiences 24 hours of sunlight and 24 hours of darkness at least once a year

Amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water to 1 degree Celsius

Longtime average weather for an area

Scientific study of climates of Earth and their distribution

Transfer of heat within a body or between adjacent matter by means of internal molecular movement

Effect of landmasses on temperature to climate. Inland areas tend to experience extremes in temperatures

Process by which circulation is produced within an air mass or fluid body

Solar radiation is maximum at noon but air temperature is highest 2-3 hours after noon.

Energy that comes from the sun; x-rays, gamma rays, uv light, visible light, infrared light, microwaves and radiowaves

One of two times each year when the position of the noon sun is overhead at the equator; day and night are equal in length worldwide; March 21-22, September 22-23

Shortest distance between nay two places on Earth

Shortwave radiation easily penetrates the atmosphere while longwave radiation is absorbed; thus, raising temperatures.

Line along the 180 degree meridian, where each day begins and ends; it is always a day later west of the line than east of the line

Line drawn on a map to connect all points with the same atmospheric pressure

Line on a map that connects points of equal precipitation

Line that connects points of equal temperature

Line on a map that connects points of equal value

Energy release in the form of heat, as water is converted from vapor to the liquid state

35-50 Miles. Decreasing air temperature with increasing altitude.

from 23 1/2 to 66 1/2 degrees North and South; cool to cold winters; warm to hot summers.

Average temperature cahnge with increasing or decreasing temperature in the troposphere. 3.5degrees F/1000 ft.

Tendency of the Earth's polar axis to remain parallel to itself at all positions in its orbit around the sun.

Position of the Earth at closest distance to sun during each Earth revolution; Jan 3

Plane of Earth's orbit around the sun and the apparent annual path of the sun along the stars

Each ray of sunlight has same amount of energy in it.

One of two times each year when the position of the noon sun is overhead at its farthest distance from the equator; this occurs when the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer (June 21-22) and the Tropic of Capricorn (December 21-22)

Water: 1 calorie > 1 gram of H2O > 1 degree Celsius

Land:

• .25 Calorie > 1 gram of soil > 1 degree Celsius
• 1 calorie > gram soil > 4 degrees Celsius

Rate of change of temperature with distance in any direction from a given point; refers to rate of change horizontally; a vertical temperature gradient is referred to as the lapse rate

Reverse of the normal pattern of vertical distribution of air temperature; in the case of inversion, temperature increases rather than decreases with increasing altitude

0 degrees to 23 1/2 degrees North and South; Hot all year round; only zone that receives the subsolar point.

Current or relatively recent atmospheric conditions in a specific moment in time