kati 4

isomers that are mirror images of eachother.

asymmetric carbon. it is in the middle

usually one isomer is active while the other in inactve.

• -hydroxyl
• -carbonyl
• -carboxyl
• -amino
• -sulfhydryl
• -phosphate
• -methyl

-the first 6 act as functional groups; they are hydrophiicand thus icrease the soluability of organic compounds in water.

-methyl is not reactive, but instead often acts as a recognizable tag on biological molecules.

-while different chemical groups contribute to funtion by affecting the molecules shape (such as testosterone and estrodiol) funtional groups the chemical group affects the molecular funtion by being directly involved in the chemical reaction.