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Fluoroscopy
Used to provide motion radiographs of lungs
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Chest tubes
Inserted to drain air or fluid from the pleural space of lungs; prevent reexpansion of collapsed lung
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Pneumonectomy
Removal of an entire lung
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Hypoxemia
Low level of oxygen in blood
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Nutrition and COPD
Pleasant environment, treatments 1 hr before meals, help with oral hygiene, smaller meals, serve what they like
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Status asthmaticus
Can result in right sided heart failure, pneumothorax, hypoxemia, acidoses, respiratory or cardiac arrest
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TB infection control
Cover mouth and nose and dispose of tissues carefully; no masks or isolation
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Centrilobar emphysema
Associated with cigarette smoking-affects mainly respiratory bronchioles
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Blue bloater
Advanced chronic BBBBBronchitis; increased dyspnea, cyanosis, peripheral edema
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Chest physiotherapy
Therapeutic measure-chest percussion, vibration, postural drainage
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Complications of influenza
Bronchitis and viral or bacterial pneumonia
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Pneumothorax
Air in pleural cavity that causes lung to collapse
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Tension pneumothorax
Air repeatedly enters the pleural space with inspiration causing the pressure to rise
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Open pneumothorax
from a chest wound-air moves freely in with inhalation and exhalation
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Hemothorax
Blood in the lung
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Thoracentesis
Insertion of a large needle through the chest into the pleural cavity
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Respiratory depression
Hypoventilation-takes place when airflow might be inadequate to execute required gas exchange
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"Ineffective tissue perfusion" could be used for
COPD, asthma, bronchitis; breathing treatments, raise in bed
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Asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema are classified as
chronic respiratory disorders
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Airway dynamics
Patient's ability to inhale and exhale with force
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How do the triggers work to bring on an acute asthma attack
airways constrict and become edematous; effect is hypoxemia with hyperventilation
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When does the late phase of asthma attack begin
5-6 hours after early phase; acute being within 30-60 minutes and resolve 30-90 minutes later
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Pink Puffer
EmPPPPPPhysema without chronic bronchitis, normal ABGs, skin color is normal
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Administering O2
nasal cannula, O2 mask, partial rebreathing mask, ventiru, transtracheal
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Cor pulmonale
Right sided heart failure secondary to pulmonary disease
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Decongestants
Contraindicated in patients with high BP
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Lung structure
- Trachea
- Left main bronchus
- Secondary bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
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Symptoms of PE
Sudden chest pain that worsens with breathing; apprehensive patient with hemoptysis; may have crackles
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Inspiration
Active contraction of the muslces and diaphragm
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Chronic bronchitis
Bronchial inflammation; caused from chronic imflammation and/or recurring infections that increase mucous production obstructing the airway
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Emphysema S&S
Dyspnea on exertion, barrel chest
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SYmptoms of an asthma attack
Dyspnea, productive cough, use of accessory muscles of respiration, audible expiratory wheezing, tachycardia and tachypnea
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Diagnostic test for COPD
Pulmonary function test
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