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chemotherapy
treatment that uses drugs
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cytologist
a scientist who studies cell structure and function
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cytology
the field of study concerned with the structure and funtction of cells
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histologist
a scientist who studies or identifies tiddues
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histology
the study of tissues
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oncologist
a physician who specializes in the treatment of cancer
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oncology
the study of tumors
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palloative therapy
treatmentto reduce the intensity of painful symptoms without producing a cure
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radiotherapy
treatment of cancer that uses radioactive materials
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chemotherapeutics
destroy the metabolically active cells on the principle that cancer cells are more metabolically active than most healthy cells
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hormone therapy agents
prvent the growth, spread, and recurrence of certain glandular cancers such as breast cancer
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biological agents
boost the immune response against cancer cells by triggering the bodys defense mechanisms
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St
stage (of cancer development)
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TNM
tumor, node, metastasis
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anaplasia
a loss of structural organization in a tissue that is permanent
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dysplasia
abnormal tissue development
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hyperplasia
an increase in the number of cells in a tissue, other than by tumor development
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metastasis
the spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor
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remission
improvement or absense of signs of disease
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positron emission tomography scan
a diagnostic scan that employs computers and radioactive substances to examine the metabolic activity of various parts of the body and to create color coded images
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Prognosis
a forecast of the probable cause or outcome of a disease
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ultrasound
a diagnostic procedure in which harmless sound waves are pulsated through body tissue: the pulse echoes are converted into images of internal body structures by computer
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computed axial tomography scan
a diagnostic scan similar to x ray, in which data from beams of energized particles are computer intrepreted to produce a three dimensional cross-sectional slice or image of the body
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diagnosis
the determination of the nature of a disease
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endoscopy
a diagnostic procedure that involves a visual examination with an endoscope, which includes a camera, fiber optics, and a long flexible tube that can be inserted into the patient
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etiology
study of the causes of disease
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examination
an evaluation made for the purpose of diagnosis, by identifying physical evence of disease, such as signs and symptoms
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acute
adjective that describes a disease of rapid onset, short duration, and often with a sharp, or severe effect
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chronic
adjective that describes a disease of long duration, usually with a slow progression
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disease
a state of the body in which homeostatis has faltered due to any cause
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iatrogenic
adjective meaning a disease that is induced by medical treatment
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idiopathic
adjective meaning a disease of unknown cause
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infection
the invasion of multiplication of parasitic organisms within the body, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi
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inflammation
a response to a trauma, which is marked by the symptoms of redness, swelling, heat, and pain
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sequelae
conditions following and resulting from a disease
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fever
a symptom in which body temperature rises aboce the normal (98.6)
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pain
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience tha tis associated with tissue damage
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sensation
a feeling or mental experience of percieving any stimulus
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sign
an abnormality that is discoverable by an objective examination
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symptom
an appearance or sensation, experienced by a patient, that deviates from the normal, healthy state
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proximal
pertaining near to a point of reference
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spinal cavity
- the space inside the spinal column,
- viscera include the spinal cord
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super, superior
pertaining to above and to the side
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thoracic cavity
- the space inside the chest or thorax
- viscera include heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, bronchi
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thoracic region
- the region of the body pertaining to the chest
- also called the chest region or thorax
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anaTOMical position
- the body position that is used as a reference for directional terms
- it is an erect posture with the arms at the sidesm palms of the hands faving forward, and legs together with the feet poiting forward
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anaTOMy
the science of body structure
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umbilic
the area of the abdomen that contains the navel
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ventral
adjective meaning pertaining to the belly
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ventral cavity
contains the thoravic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
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