SKIN- exam 1

of, relating to, resulting from, or exhibiting chemical changes produced by radiant energy, especially in the visible and UV parts of spectrum.

loss of hair; extreme can be loss of hair on scalp, eye brows, eyelashes, beard, body. Male pattern hair loss is most common

forming a ring.

secreting- most common is apocrine sweat glands, which form a coiled secretory portion that forms at the junction of dermis and subQ fat. Found in axillary areas, genitoanal areas, and around areola of the breast. Bacteria causes this type of sweat to produce a strong odor upon contact.

horizontal lines that grow out with the nail. Mark a stressful event such as a high fever or severe illness.

filled with clear, serous fluid >0.5cm in size.

bright red/ruby red 1-3mm in size, round, may show partial blanching with pressure

raised proximal nail folds that are spongy in consistency. Either congenital, sign of COPD, heart disease or GI disease

blackhead

flowing or coming together i.e. confluent lesions

dry layer of serum, pus, or blood

bluish or purplish discoloration due to deficient oxygenation of the blood/ acute or chronic

deep, firm mass >1cm

condition in which lightly scratching your skin causes raised, red lines where you've scratched. Also called EXCORIATIONS.

middle skin layer that contains connective tissue, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles. Nourishes the epidermis. Is vascular

to peel off in the form of scales: scale off

large areas of extravasion of blood into the skin from the vessels

of, relating to, having, or being eccrine glands

an inflammatory condition of the skin characterized by redness, itching, and oozing vesicular lesions which become scaly, crusted, or hardened.

most superficial layer of the skin that is thin and devoid of blood vessels. Consists of outer dead keratinized cell layer and inner cellular layer where melanin and keratin are formed.

superficial loss of epidermis

welts caused by scratching

break or slit in tissue usually at the junction of skin and mucous membrane

increased hair growth in a male pattern from increased androgen activity in a female.

hypertrophy of the stratum corneum layer of the skin

1. an increase in the fibrous elements in tissue commonly associated with inflammation and marked by loss of elasticity and pliability 2. a hardened mass or formation

inflammation produced by chafing or adjacent areas of skin

protein that provides structural basis of outer layer of our skin, hair and nails

disease of the skin marked by overgrowth of horny tissue.

spoon nails- thinning of the nail plate seen in anemia, raynaud's syndrome, hemochromatosis. Can be familial

small melanotic spot in the skin in which the formation of pigment is unrelated to exposure to sunlight and which is potentially malignant

thickened exaggerations of the skin fold

whitish moon at proximal end of nail plate

flat lesion <1cm in size

rich vascular structure for adherence of the nail

hard translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin

area of the nail plate covered by proximal nail fold

congenital or acquired, usually highly pigmented area on the skin that is either flat or raised (common mole). Lots of melanocytes.

solid raised lesion that is deeper and firmer than a papule; 0.5 to 2cm in size

lifting up of the nail. Can be seen in hyperthyroidism

solid, raised lesion <0.5cm in size

inflammation of the tissues adjacent to the nail of a finger or toe- usually accompanied by infection and pus formation.

a minute reddish or purplish spot containing blood that appears in skin or mucous membrane as a result of localized hemorrhage

solid, slightly raised lesion >0.5cm in size, often a confluence of papules

localized or generalized itching due to irritation of sensory nerve endings

extravasion of blood into the skin from the vessels

lesion filled with white pus

thin flakes of epidermis

secreting sebum (fatty substance)

normally increased secretion and discharge of sebum producing an oily appearance of the skin and the formation of greasy scales

slowly spreading "serpent-like" scar tissue

a thin piece split or broken off lengthwise; especially: such a piece embedded in the skin

an abnormal dilation of red, blue, or purple superficial capillaries, arterioles, or venules typically located just below the skin's surface

solid lesion >2cm in size

the normal state of turgidity and tension in living cells- test this by pulling up skin on posterior hand and see how quickly it goes back to original state

scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells

deep loss of all skin layers and deeper tissue

hives

chicken pox

short, fine, inconspicuous hair that is relatively unpigmented

filled with clear, serous fluid <0.5cm in size