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The view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
Empiricism
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psychology as the study of the elements of consciousness. The idea is that conscious experience can be broken down into basic conscious elements
Structuralism
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Explorations of down to earth emotions, memories, willpower, habits, and moment to moment of consciousness
Functionalism
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Who explore behavior and thinking with experience, despite it being founded by Titchener
Experimental psychology
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Science is rooted in observation; a person cannot observe a sensation, a feeling, or a thought, but you can observe and record people’s behavior as they respond to different situations.
Behaviorism
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emphasized the importance of current environmental influences on our growth potential, and the importance of having our needs for love and acceptance satisfied
Humanistic psychology
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The study of brain activity linked with mental activity, have expanded on those ideas to explore scientifically the ways we perceive, process, and remember information
Cognitive neuroscience
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The science of behavior and mental process
Psychology
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The controversy over the relative contributions of biology and experience
Nature vs. Nurture
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Nature selects the traits that best enable an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
Natural Selection
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Considers the influences of biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors
Levels of analysis: biopsychosocial approach
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How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences; how genes combine with environmental to influence individual differences
Biological psych
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How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes
Evolutionary psych
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How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
Psychodynamic psych
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How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Cognitive psych
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How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Social-cultural psych
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How we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self-fulfillment
Humanistic
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Branch of psychology devoted to studying the measurement of our abilities, attitudes, and traits
Psychometrics
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Builds psychology’s knowledge base
Basic research
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Studying our changing abilities from womb to tomb
Developmental psych
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Tackles problems and use psychology’s concepts and methods in the workplace to help organizations and companies select and train employees, boost morale and productivity, design products, and implement systems
Applied research industrial-organizational psych
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Focus on the interaction of the people, machines, and physical environments
Human factors psych
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Help people cope with challenges and crises
Counseling psych
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Treat mental, emotional, and behavior disorders
Clinical psych
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Provide psychotherapy and medical doctors licensed to prescribe drugs
Psychiatry
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