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What is Immunity or Resistance?
Ability to fight off damage or disease through our defenses.
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What are the 2 types of Immunity?
- 1. Innate or nonspecific (present at birth).
- 2. Adaptive or specific (recognition of invader through
- memory omponant)
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The Lymphatic system consists of?
- 1. Lymph
- 2. Lymphatic vessels
- 3. Structures or Organs containing lymphatic tissue
- 4. Red bone marrow
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The 3 functions of the Lymphatic system?
- 1. Transport dietary lipids
- 2. Drain excess interstitial fluid
- 3. Carry our immune responses
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An important function of the lymphatic vessles is?
To return lost plasma protein to the blood stream.
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Two pumps which aid venous lymph flow are?
- 1. Skeletal muscle (Squeezing)
- 2. Respiratory (Sucking)
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The primary lymphatic organs are?
- 1. Red Bone Marrow
- 2. Thymus
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Secondary Lymphatic organs are?
- 1. Lymph nodes
- 2. Spleen
- 3. Lymph nodules
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The spleen is?
The largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body
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What is white plulp?
Lymphatic tissue and Macrophanges, which is scattered through out the spleen.
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What is Red Pulp?
Blood filled venous sinuses and splendic cords - RBC's, macrophanges, lymphocytes, plasma cells, granulocytes.
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Some larger lymphatic nodules are?
- 1. Tonsils
- 2. peyers patches
- 3. Appendix
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What are two of the first line of innate immunity defenses?
- 1. Skin
- 2. Mucous
- Both provide a physical and chemical barrier.
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What are other physical barriers to the innate immunity defense?
- 1. Epidermis (Skin)
- 2. Mucous membranes
- 3. Nose hairs
- 4. Cilia of upper respiratory tract
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What are some fluid barriers to the innate immunity defense?
- 1. Lacrimal apperatus of the eye (tears).
- 2. Saliva
- 3. Vaginal secretion
- 4. Deficating
- 5. Vomiting
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What do Natural Killer cells do?
Recognize abnormal markers on cells and attack them.
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Natural Killer cells are?
Lymphocytes, but not B or T cells.
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What is perforin?
It is a protein granule, that the NK cell inserts into the plasma membrane of a target cell and creates perforations in the membrane.
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What are the 5 steps of Phagocytosis?
- 1. Chemotaxis
- 2. Adherence
- 3. Ingestion
- 4. Digestion
- 5. Killing
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What is inflammation?
A nonspecific defensive response of the body to tissue damage.
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Four signs and symptoms of inflammation?
- 1. Pain
- 2. Redness
- 3. Heat
- 4. Swelling
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Reasons for inflammation?
- 1. Attempt to dispose of Microbes
- 2. Prevent spread
- 3. Prepare site for tissue repair
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Three basic stages of inflammation are?
- 1. Vasodialation and increased blood vessel permeability.
- 2. Emigration of cells
- 3. Tissue repair
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What is Pus?
Dead phagocytes and damaged tissue.
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What is adaptive immunity?
The bodies ability to defend itself against specific invading agents.
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What is an Anitgen (AG)?
An antigen are substances recognized as foreign and provoking an immune response.
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How do you distinguish between Innate immunity, and Adaptive immunity?
- Adaptive immunity is,
- 1. Specific
- 2. Memory
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CD4 cells are what?
Are helper T cells
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CD8 cells are what?
T cells which eat up other cells.
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