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plasma membrane
forms outside of cell, controls passage of materials into and out of cell
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cytoplasm
matrix substance in which chemical reactions occur
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endoplasmic reticulum
- A. Rough: together with attached ribosomes, assists in protein synthesis
- B. Smooth: metabolizes nonpolar compounds, stores calcium in striated muscle cells
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ribosomes
synthesize proteins
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golgi complex
synthesizes carbohydrates, packages molecules for secretion, secretes lipids and glycoproteins
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mitochondria
transforms energy into usable ATP
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lysosomes
digest foreign molecules and worn/damaged organelles
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peroxisomes
contain enzymes that detoxify harmful molecules, break down hydrogen peroxide
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centrosome
organizes spindle fibers and distribute chromosomes during mitosis
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vacuoles
stores and releases various substances within the cytoplasm
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microfilaments and microtubules
support cytoplasm, transport materials within cytoplasm
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cilia and flagella
propulsion of particles against cell wall/movement of cell
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nuclear envelope
supports nucleus, controls passage of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm
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nucleolus
produces ribosomal RNA for ribosomes
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chromatin
has genetic code which determines which proteins will be manufactured by the cell
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