Nursing GI drugs

• ranitidine (Zantac, Zantac EFFERdose)
• cimetidine (Tagamet)
• famotidine (Pepcid, Pepcid AC, Pepcid RPD)
• nizatidine (Axid, Axid AR, Axid Pulvules)

MOA: Reduces the amount of gastric acid produced

• omeprazole (Prilosec, Prilosec OTC, Zegerid)*
• esomeprazole (Nexium, Nexium IV)lansoprazole (Prevacid)
• rabeprazole (Aciflex)pantoprazole (Protonix, Protonix IV)

MOA: Blocks enzyme needed for acid formation

sucralfate (Carafate)

• MOA: Local protectant action: adheres to surface and promotes healing, prevents injury for up to 6 hr

misoprostol (Cytotec)

MOA: inhibit gastric acid secretion, & promotes mucous production, and increases blood flow via vasodilation

NOTE: prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers

• calcium carbonate
• magnesium hydroxide
• aluminum hydroxide

MOA: neutralize gastric acid

• psycillium (Metamucil, Konsyl, Fiberall)
• polycarbophil (Fibercon)

MOA: absorb water into fecal contents & expand increasing bulk of stool

• docusate sodium (Colace)
• docusate calcium (Surfak)

MOA: Soften or lubricate hard feces

NOTE: Prevents constipation, does not treat it once it is present

• senna (Senokot)
• bisacodyl (Ducolax)

• MOA: Increases GI motility
• senna (Senokot)*
• bisacodyl (Ducolax)

• polyethylene glycol-electrolyte (Golytely, Half-Lytely)
• magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia, MOM)
• magnesium citrate (Citrate of Magnesia)
• sodium phosphate (Phospho-soda Fleet)
• lactulose (Cephulac)
• polyethylene glycol (MiraLax)

Note: Quick complete bowel emptying

Mineral oil

MOA: softens and lubricates stool

Glycerin suppositories

MOA: promote peristalsis through local irritation (30 minutes)

Alvimopan (Entereg)

Indications - Speed time to upper/lower GI recovery following partial large/small bowel resection with primary anastamosis

methylnaltrexone (Relistor)

MOA: Blocks constipating effects of opioids on the GI tract without loss of analgesia.

• ondansetron (Zofran)
• granisetron (Granisol, Kytril, Sancuso)
• dolasetron (Anzemet)
• palonosetron (Aloxi)

Type: Antiemetic

Aprepitant/fosaprepitant (Emend)

Type: Antiemetic

• prochlorperazine (Compazine)
• metoclopramide (Reglan)
• promethazine (Phenergan)
• droperidol (Inapsine)

Type Antiemetic

dronabinol (Marinol)

Type: Antiemetic

• scopolamine (Transderm Scop)
• dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
• meclizine (Antivert)

MOA: Suppress nerve stimulation in CNS

Ipecac syrup

• bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
• stoolkaolin (Kaopectolin)
• attapulgite (Rheaban)
• activated charcoal (antidote)

• codeinediphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil)
• loperamide (Imodium)
• paregoric (tincture of opium)
• difenoxin/atropine (Motofen)

alostetron (Lotronex) - Only approved for women with severe diarrhea-inducing IBS (dangers, read)

tegaserod (Zelnorm) – Discontinued, Now available with restricted use for women younger than 55 with IBS with diarrhea

• sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• mesalamine (Rowasa)
• olsalazine (Dipentum)

sibutramine (Meridia)

orlistat (Xenical, Alli)