Cardio System I

upper right and left chambers of the heart

membrane lining the cavities of the heart

heart muscle

protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between

lower right and left chambers of the heart

heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle

heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

vessels that carry blood fromt he heart to the arterioles

large artery that is the main trunk of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle

small vessels that receive blood from the arteries

tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules

small vessels thta gather blood from the capillaires into the veins

vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules

circulation of blood throughout the body through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues.

circulation of blood throught the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue.

circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases.

to expand; the period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles form the atria.

to contract; period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery.

low BP

high BP

normal BP

the pacemaker; highly specialized neurological tissue, embedded in the wall of the right atrium, responsible for initiating electrical conduction of the heartbeat.

neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His

neurological fibers, extending from the AV node to the right and left bundle branches, that fire the impulse form the AV node to the Purkinje fibers

fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract.

resting; resting state of a myocardial cell

change of a myocardial cell from a polarized (resting) state to a contraction

recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state

regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulated by the SA node (average rate of 60 to 100 beats/min)

thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification (hardening) of the arterial walls

buildup of fatty substances within the walls of arteries.

a stationary blood clot

a clot carried in the bloodstream that obstructs when it lodges

condition of narrowing of a part

compression of a part

plugging; obstruction or a closing off.

to hold back blood; decreased blood flow to tissue caused by constriction or occlusion of a blood vessel

to stuff; a localized area of necrosis caused by ischemia as a result of occlusion of a blood vessel

chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart msucle often caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries

a widening; bulging of the wall of the heart, the aorta, or an artery caused by congenital defect or acquired weakness.

to limp; pain in a limb while walking that subsides after rest; it is caused by inadequate blood supply

profuse sweating

subjectie experience of pounding, skipping, or racing heartbeats

to grow, an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, generally a result of an infection such as bacterial endocarditis.