Speech Chapter 1

Process of transferring thoughts, ideas, and feelings from one person to another in commonly understandable ways.

• Sender: Source of message
• Receiver: Interpreter of the message

Process of putting a message into the form it will be communicated in

Process the recieved goes through in trying to interpret the exact meaning of the message

Our own background and experience, the way we view the world

• Occurs when:
• Value difference
• Different frames of reference(created by value difference)
• Different FOR affect encoding and decoding

• 100% communication is NOT possible
• No identical Frame of Reference

• Only message that counts is the one received
• Check message through paraphrasing

The symbols that carry the message

• Nonverbal(visual)
• All intentional and unintentional means other than writing and speaking by which a person sends a message.
• Ex: Eye contact, posture, facial expressions

• Paralanguage(vocal)
• The vocal element that goes along with the spoken language including tone of voice, pitch, rate, volume, and emphasis.

• Language(verbal)
• Spoken or written words to communicate thoughts and feelings.
• Even text and email.

The medium you select to carry a message

Amount of imformation a channel can convey

Face-to-face (all 3 codes)

Telephone(2 codes)

Written(1 code)

Anything that interferes with communication by distorting or blocking the message

• Physical Illness
• Lack of Sleep
• Thoughts
• Lack of knowledge on the topic
• Preoccupation with other problems

• Speaker's poor grammer
• Phone ringing
• Papers being shuffled
• People Talking
• Can be visual

• Improves accuracy and productivity
• Increases employee job satisfaction
• Less role conflict and ambiguity
• Lower stress, absenteeism and turnover

• Can cause people to feel under attack
• Time consuming to give and receive
• Difficult to obtain
• Negative past experiences at giving and receiving feeback

• Tell people you want feeback
• Identify the areas in which you want feedback
• set aside regular time for feedback sessions
• select proper channel
• Use silence to encourage feedback

• Watch for non-verbal respones
• Ask questions
• paraphrase
• use statements that encourage feeback
• Reward feedback
• Follow up

• Direct toward behavior not the person
• Descriptive rather than evaluate language
• Sharing ideas not giving advice
• Share only essential information
• Immediate and well timed
• Allow for face-saving

Putting what you heard into your own words

• Time
• Location(physical environment)
• -the room
• -the setting in the room
• -noise level in the room
• Social environment(climate)
• -Relationships with people present
• -Prevailing attitudes of the people present