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how long can you give a speaker your undivided attention?
15 seconds
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verbal communication makes up what percent of communication?
7% (text, face, email)
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nonverbal communication makes up what percent of communication?
93% (body language)
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what makes up the 93% of nonverbal communication and what percent?
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can body language be read 100% accurate?
no
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what is the number one fear of all people?
speaking in front of others
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what does winking mean?
flirt, joke, aggrement, secret message
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what does frowning mean?
disappointment
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what does a pat on the back mean?
good job, apology
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waht does a hand going up mean?
I'm sorry
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what does having your arms crossed mean?
blocked, do not want to be bothered, cold
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A study made to learn about the diverse characteristics of sudience members
audience analysis
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what are the three parts of the triangle of fear?
Head, heart, and habits
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what are the six big fears?
- 1. criticism
- 2. unknown
- 3. audience
- 4. spot light
- 5. breaking rules
- 6. fear
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settign in which you communicate; comprised of physical, cultural, historical, and psychological setting
context
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when and where you speak
logistics
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light, temp of room, distance from audience makes up the .....
physical context
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Values, beliefs, meanings, social customs of a particular group
Cultural context
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Events that occur before and during a speech
historical context
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moods, attitudes and feelings the audience members may have
psychological context
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communication with yourself
intrapersonal
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individuals talking about general information
impersonal
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communication between two people
interpersonal
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group of 3 to 10 poeple communicating
small group
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11 or more people communicating
public communication
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specific group of people to whom your speech is directed
Audience
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reactions and responses to messages that indicate whether and how a message was heard, seen and interpreted
feedback
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overall framework used to organize your speech content
Macrostructure
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specific language and style choices you use as you frame ideas and verbalize them to your audience
microstructure
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moral principles that a society, group or individual hold to be right from wrong and good behavior from bad behavior
Ethics
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3 ways to be an ethical speaker
- 1. always tell the truth
- 2. give credit to sources
- 3. hold yourself accountable for what you say.
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7 principles of the presentation wheel:
- 1. purpose
- 2. logistics
- 3. audience
- 4. performance
- 5. content
- 6. organization
- 7. creditability
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the purpose is to inform the audience
informative speech
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purpose is to entertain your audience
entertainment speech
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purpose is to convience the audience to do or not to do something
persuasive speech
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notecards or an outline can be used in the speech
extemperineous
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giving a speech off of the top of your head
imprompt too
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telling the speech word for word from paper
manuscript
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know the whole speech by heart
memorize
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ways to divide speeches
- nice to know
- should know
- need to know
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have ability to turn audience against you
toxic topics
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3 o's
- 1. over promise
- 2. offend
- 3. over zealous
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the main goal of this is to entertain your audience
informative speech
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Questions an informative speech should answer
who, what, when, where, why and how
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5 characteristics of informative speeches
- 1. intellectually stimulating
- 2. relevent-relative links
- 3.creative
- 4. memorable
- 5. diverse learning styles
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5 ways to make a speech memorable
- 1. presentational aids
- 2. repetition
- 3. transitions
- 4. humor and emotional anecdotes
- 5. mnemonics and acronyms
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3 dimensions of learning
- 1. feeling--- images
- 2. watching--- facial expressions
- 3. thinking--- numbers
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learning style that is categorized by easily distracted, visual directions, remembers faces but not names, handouts, reads paper instead of listening to radio news.
visual learning
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learning style that is categorized by hearing information. group discussions, reading out loud, hearing broadcasts instead of reading, remember names but not faces
auditory learning
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learning style that is categorized by hands-on, experiment, copy notes over and over, mve around while talking, makes charts. likes thingd you work with, multitasks, do not remember face or name but the situation.
kinesthetic (tactile)
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words used to fill spaces
fillers
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3 things in critquing a speech
- 1. begin with something positive
- 2. be specific about what they did wrong
- 3. give ways to improve
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