Micro Quiz 1

Small circular DNA in prokaryotes that is not part of their main DNA

Coccus referes to the bacteria as being _____ shaped

a motion referring to a bacterium using its methods of motility to move away from a bad stimulus

variations of a bacteria stran as determined by its H antigens

the unfolding of a protein molecule into an unnatural configuration is called _______

if a microb can make you sick it is referred to as being ____

complex sugars that usually lack sweetness

the degree of the microbs ability to cause a disease is referred to as its _____

a sugar coated material that makes bacteria very sticky

fluids that have equal amounts of solutes and solvents on both sides of a semipermeable membrane are called _____

the same elemental atoms only with different numbers of neutrons are called

a synthesis reaction in a living organism is referred to as a _______ reaction

bacillus referes to the bacteria as being _____ shaped

bonds between amino acids are called ____ bonds

a type of bond where an electron has been donated and received

the basic units or building blocks of carbohydrates are______

an alkaline mixture would also be a_______

3 main purpose for Microbs

Microbs/Bacteria are important to us for 3 main reasons

Fermentation, Mushrooms, Sour crout, Vinegar, Sour dough bread

Naming Microbs describes the organism

What cell is synonymous with Bacteria and means pre-nucleus

different types of bacteria that exist in the
extreme hot or cold

What cell is everything else, ex. algae, mold, fungi, humans

Theory that microbs cause disease

Theory that specific bugs cause specific disease

A-septic technique (pasteurization: heat it,
bottle it and keep it from spoiling)

if you build up immune system you can overcome
germ theory

of synthetic drugs, use of chemistry to alter
what goes on with our body

concept to administer drugs or chemicals for success is: to prove that the benefit out ways the risk, even it is harmful or could kill.

been developed to work on bacteria (NOT on
fungal infections or viruses)

Staph, Anthrax, MRSA, Hantavirus, E. bola, West
nile virus & Bird flu

Atoms consist of what 4 things?

the number of protons also determines what element it is

number of protons + number of neutrons is the

what element is always found in living things

Sharing electrons

has a charged to it allowing life to happen

sodium, calcium and potassium are

On pH scale: _____ is at 1 on the scale and example is HCl, ______ is at 14

on a pH scale at 6.8-8.5 is where ______ live

Most common elements in Organic compounds are:

organic compounds, sugars & starches (fuel) contain: carbon, hydrogen & oxygen 1:2:1 ratio

Simple sugars are:

glucose and fructose= sucrose (table
sugar)

Glucose with galactose

cell wall of fungus, exoskeleton of crab and lobster “the crunch”

Fats, mostly made of C, H, O (non ratio) Come in carbon chains with mostly hydrogens attached to carbon chain.

Lipids function and purpose is:

makes up the cell membrane 2 Fatty acids, one end of phospholipid is water soluble (hydrophilic)and other is fat soluble (hydrophobic)

type of lipid, involved in structural function (ex. cholesterol)

solid at room temp. and saturated with hydrogen

double bonded (lacking hydrogen), making it liquid at room temperature

Chain like polymer made up of C, H, O,

building blocks of proteins, also have a left spin on them

Functions and Purposes of Proteins

3D, shape gives enzyme its duties/functionality

If a reaction requires energy

If a reaction releases energy:

bacteria move away from chemical/antibiotics it
is referred to as

random movement of molecules from an area of
higher concentration solute to an area of lower concentration of solute

diffusion of water across a semi-permeable
membrane from an area of lower concentration solute to an area of higher
concentration solute

occurs when you have large molecules. It moves
from higher concentration to lower concentration. A protein carrier comes along changes the shape allowing it to pass through the protein channel

____ gives flexability to the cell membrane and needs to be replenished

Co-enzymes

Co-factor

Apo-enzyme

if co-factor is attached to apo-enzymes it is referred to as

a molecule the enzyme is supposed to react with